Quick answer
Professional services firms — accountants, lawyers, engineers, architects, consultants, IT and marketing agencies — usually borrow to fund work in progress and debtors, hire ahead of growth, fit out offices, buy a client book or another firm, and pay tax bills. Invoice finance and lines of credit suit the debtor gap, working capital loans suit hiring, and acquisition or property-backed loans suit buying a practice.
Key points
- Firms sell time, so cash is often tied up in work in progress and debtors.
- Invoice finance and lines of credit close the billing gap.
- Hiring ahead of growth is the most common reason to borrow.
- Buying a client book or firm needs careful due diligence on retention.
Professional services firms sell expertise by the hour, the project or the retainer. There’s no warehouse full of stock and often no big machinery — but there’s a long chain between doing the work and getting paid for it. Time gets recorded, work gets reviewed, invoices go out, and then clients take their time. Meanwhile, salaries are due every fortnight.
How does money move through a professional services firm?
- Salaries — the biggest cost by far, paid on a fixed cycle.
- Work in progress (WIP) — hours worked but not yet billed.
- Debtors — invoices sent but not yet paid, often on 14- to 60-day terms.
- Rent and technology — offices, software subscriptions, hardware.
- Lumpy growth — winning a large client often means hiring before the fees flow.
- Tax — PAYG withholding and super on salaries, GST on fees, income tax on profits.
The WIP-to-cash cycle is the heart of a firm’s cash flow. Shorten it and you need less finance; let it stretch and even a profitable firm can feel broke.
Which loan types suit professional services?
| What you need | Loan type that fits |
|---|---|
| Cash tied up in invoices to business clients | Invoice finance |
| A buffer for the billing cycle | Business line of credit |
| Hiring ahead of new client work | Working capital loan |
| Office fit-out or relocation | Fit-out finance |
| Computers, servers, AV and specialist tools | Equipment finance |
| Buying a client book or another firm | Business acquisition loan |
| A large tax bill after a strong year | ATO debt funding |
| Larger amounts using the owners’ equity | Property-backed loan |
What do lenders look for in a professional firm?
- Fee history — consistent revenue over time, ideally with recurring clients.
- Client spread — no single client making up an outsized share of fees.
- Debtor days — how long clients take to pay.
- Partner and staff stability — who brings in the work and whether they’re staying.
- Registrations and professional standing where your profession requires them. business.gov.au’s industry page for professional, scientific and technical services covers the regulatory basics.
What does it look like in practice? (illustrative)
A Sydney engineering consultancy wins a large infrastructure subcontract that needs four additional engineers for eighteen months. The client pays monthly, 45 days after invoice. That means roughly two and a half months of extra salaries before the first payment lands. The firm uses a working capital loan to cover the ramp-up and then invoice finance on the new client’s invoices once billing begins. The loan is repaid from the project’s margins well before the contract ends. Illustrative only.
How can firms need less finance in the first place?
- Bill more often. Monthly or progress billing beats billing at the end of a job.
- Take deposits or retainers on new matters and projects.
- Agree clear payment terms up front — business.gov.au’s payment terms guidance covers setting and enforcing them.
- Chase politely but promptly. A reminder at seven days overdue works better than one at sixty.
- Watch WIP weekly. Unbilled time is cash you’ve already spent.
Buying a client book: what’s different?
Acquiring another firm or a book of clients is common in accounting, financial planning, law and some consulting. The big question is retention: how many clients will stay when ownership changes? Lenders look at the seller’s fee history, client mix, how the handover will work and any retention-based pricing. Many deals use a portion of the price deferred and adjusted for retention, which also reduces how much needs to be borrowed. If you’re weighing up a purchase, talk to us about how lenders would view it.
How should partners think about borrowing?
In partnerships and multi-owner companies, borrowing decisions affect everyone. Be clear on who guarantees what, how repayments are allocated and what happens if a partner leaves mid-loan. Getting this documented before you borrow avoids awkward conversations later.
What about the move to a bigger office?
Many firms reach a point where the team simply doesn’t fit. A new office brings a lease, a fit-out, furniture, technology and often a period of paying rent on two premises at once. Fund the fit-out and furniture over a term that matches the lease, put technology on equipment finance with a shorter term (it dates quickly), and keep a working-capital buffer for the overlap. Negotiating a landlord fit-out contribution or rent-free period can make a big difference to how much you need to borrow. Some firms decide hybrid working means they need less space, not more — run the numbers both ways before signing anything long-term.
How do lenders treat retainers and recurring fees?
Recurring income — monthly retainers, managed-service fees, annual compliance work — is gold to a lender because it’s predictable. If a good share of your fees recur, highlight it with a simple schedule of retained clients and their monthly amounts. It can support a larger facility than one-off project fees alone.
What documents will you need?
- Photo ID, ABN or ACN, and professional registration where relevant
- Recent business bank statements
- BAS and financial statements
- An aged debtors list and WIP report
- Client contracts or engagement letters for growth borrowing
- For acquisitions: the seller’s fee history and client list summary
Which other pages are worth reading?
- Hire staff — funding the cost of a new team member properly.
- Expand your business — growth options compared.
- Business finance glossary — every term, plainly explained.
Ready to grow the firm?
Expertise is your product; cash flow shouldn’t be what holds it back. We’ll help you match finance to your billing cycle, hiring plans or acquisition.
There’s no credit check to enquire, your details don’t get shared around a panel of lenders, and a real lending specialist calls you. Please give us accurate fee, debtor and client figures so we can match the right option first time. See if you qualify.
Frequently asked questions
Can a consultancy with no physical assets get a business loan?
Yes. Unsecured loans and lines of credit are sized on trading and bank statements, invoice finance is secured by your invoices, and property-backed loans can use the owners' equity.
How do I finance buying an accounting or legal practice?
Buying a client book or practice is a business acquisition. Lenders look at fee history, client retention, the seller's handover and your experience, often with property security or a contribution.
What is work in progress and why does it matter?
Work in progress is time spent on client work that hasn't been billed yet. The longer it sits unbilled, the longer the firm waits for cash, which is why billing promptly is the cheapest finance of all.
Is invoice finance suitable for professional services?
It can be, especially for firms invoicing larger business or government clients on terms. Firms billing individuals may find a line of credit simpler.